156262. Sir John Guildford & 156263.
Alice Waller
~1415, John Guldeford born in Kent, England, s/o 312524. Edward Guildford & 312525.
Julian de Pitlesden.
~1415, Alice born in England, d/o 312526. Richard Waller & 312527. Margaret Gulby.
8/31/1422, Henry VI (an infant) succeeded Henry V as King of
England.
1429, Alice’s father died.
~1430, Alice married to John.
1454, John Gyldeford “to lead all men-at-arms in Kent to the
sea-coast to repel invasion”.
5/22/1455, 1st battle of St. Albans, Hertfordshire,
considered the 1st battle of the 30-year War of the Roses. Yorkists against an army
of King Henry VI.
1457-8, John Sheriff of Kent, “to report how many
archers each hundred, city and borough can supply.”
1449, John’s father died.
[––John––]
Aft. 1454, John married Philippa Saint Leger [Thornbury]
(d.1459). [Some genealogies.]
9/23/1459, Battle of Blore Heath in Shropshire. Lord Audley
led 10,000 royalists as directed by Queen Margaret, and set up an ambush of
5,000 Yorkists led by the Earl of Salisbury. Lord Audley was killed and the
Yorkist army won a decisive battle.
6/1460, John, a Yorkist supporter, with the Earls of Warwick
and Salisbury.
7/10/1460, Battle of Northampton, a Yorkist victory. Yorkist
forces numbering over 20,000 faced a smaller royal army with their backs
against the river Nene. King Henry VI captured.
1/1461, John one of many ordered to raise forces to resist
Queen Margaret’s Lancastrian army.
2/17/1461, John at the 2nd battle of St. Albans –
a Lancastrian victory. King Henry VI was rescued at the battle.
3/29/1461, The battle of Towton in Yorkshire, a Yorkist
victory. This battle was the largest and bloodiest fought on British soil. As
many as 28,000 died at the battle between Towton and Saxton in Yorkshire.
Yorkist forces, with a wind at their back in a blinding snow storm giving their
archers and spearmen a significant advantage. [King Henry and Queen Margaret
fled to Scotland.]
6/28/1461, Edward IV crowned at Westminster, beginning the
House of York.
10/17/1461, To the receivers, farmers, … co. Kent. Order to
pay to John Gyldeford esquire for life 40 marks a year and the arrears since 30
August last, on which date the king granted to him for life 40 marks a year of
the issues, profits and revenues of the said manor and hundreds. (S) CCRs.
4/1463, Act of parliament: … for our trusty and well-beloved
servant Richard Hastings, esquire, … Provided also that this act of resumption,
…, shall not extend in any way or be prejudicial to …, John Guildford, … John
Norwood, Ralph St Leger, …, Richard Culpeper, James Peckham, … (S) Parliament
Rolls, 2005.
4/25/1464, Battle of Hedgeley Moor, Northumberland. A
Yorkist victory.
5/15/1464, The Battle of Hexham, Northumberland.
Lancanstrians were quickly defeated at a heavy cost.
1465, Edward IV captured Henry VI and put him in the Tower
of London.
7/26/1469, King Edward IV’s army was defeated at the battle
of Edgecote Moor.
By 3/5/1470, John knighted.
10/3/1470, Henry VI regained the throne of England.
10/30/1470, Thomas Reede, citizen and draper of London, to
John Guldeford, Thomas Coke knights …. Gift of all his goods and chattels in
the county of Kent, … (S) CCRs.
1471, John Guildford of Rolvenden alias of Dover, knt.
received a Yorkist pardon, but lost his pension.
1/28/1471, John a commissioner for peace in Kent.
4/14/1471, Battle of Barnet, north of London. Kind Edward IV
defeated and killed Richard Neville, earl of Warwick, “the Kingmaker.” A heavy
fog limited visibility. A combined total of 1000 knights died. Both handguns
[relatively new] and cannon were used during the fight.
5/4/1471, Battle of Tewkesbury in Gloucestershire. Edward,
Prince of Wales, age 18, was killed in the assault. [The only heir-apparent of
England to die in battle.]
5/11/1471, Edward IV regained the crown after the Battle of
Tewkesbury.
1473, John Sheriff of Kent.
6/23/1474, Debtor: William Pashley of Kent, gentleman. Creditor:
John Guildford, knight, Richard Guildford, esquire, and Hugh Brook, citizen and
draper [merchant] of London. Amount £12 11s. (S) UKNA, C 241/256/33.
8/12/1478, From: John Gyldford, knight and John a Barowe and
Robert Brabon'. To: John Valaunce, John Heansell, John Mercer, … 24 acres of
land called 'Bakeryshellys' and 'Rolvystownes' in Headcorn (bounds given). … John
Gyldford, deforciant. The grant is made in return for the provision of a light
before the high altar of Hawkhurst parish church. Right of re-entry if the
light is not provided. (S) UKNA, p178/28/23.
7/16/1482, John on a commission to take 1,000 archers for
the defence of Calais.
4/9/1483, Edward V, age 12, succeeded Edward IV as King of
England. [Never crowned – disappeared from the Tower of London with his younger
brother.]
7/6/1483, John at the coronation of King Richard III.
10/1483, John and his son Richard are leaders of the
uprising in Kent in support of the Duke of Buckingham. (S) Shakespeare’s play
Richard III. [John was a kinsman of the Woodvilles.]
2/10/1483, Walter Roberd, of Cranbrook in the county of Kent,
at Maidstone in the said county, accompanying Sir George Brown, Sir John
Guildford and others of the king's traitors and rebels, falsely and
traitorously levied war against our said sovereign lord. [for which Walter
would later be attained]. (S) Parliament Rolls, 2005, January 1484.
1483, John was captured [his son Richard escaped] and taken
prisoner to Newgate.
1/23/1484, John attained at parliament. His friend, Walter
Roberd of Cranbrook, that had concealed him prior to his capture was also
attained. On Walter’s tomb: “victime of his loyal protection of his friend and
neighbor Sir John Guildford in the reign of Richard III”.
3/1484, John released from prison.
1384-85, John returned to favor when Henry Tudor [VII], with
John’s son Richard now a knight in his retinue, returned to claim the crown.
8/22/1485, Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at the Battle of
Bosworth Field, ending the War of the Roses. King Richard III and the Duke of
Norfolk both were killed.
8/22/1485, Henry VII succeeded Richard III as King of
England.
8/1485, John’s attainment reversed.
12/5/1485, Discussion by Parliament of a grant to John
Guildford of the right to bring an action of trespass against Richard Kelsham
and others. (S) Parliament Rolls, 2005, November 1485.
1486, John became a member of the Privy Council.
9/17/1487, John on a a commission to deliver Maidstone Gaol.
11/19/1487, John Fogge, John Gyldeford, knights, John Fyneux
serjeant at law, and Thomas Oxenbrigge, arbitrators chosen in all actions,
suits, quarrels and debates between [persons in Kent.] (S) CCRs.
Bef. 7/19/1493, John wrote his will: “… berying to be made
not pomposely ...”. (S) Lollardy and the gentry in the later Middle Ages,
Aston, P220.
Bef. 8/25/1493, John of Halden in Rolvenden, Kent, died. (S)
UKNA – Will probated.
(S) Magna Carta Ancestry, P249.
Children of John
and Alice:
i. Thomasine Guildford, born ? in England.
Thomasine married John Engham of Westacre.
ii. Julian Guildford, born ? in England.
Julian married William Warner of the Isle of Sheppey.
iii. Elizabeth Guildford (78131), born ~1440 in Kent, England.
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