933, Richard
‘the Fearless’, born in Normandy, s/o 6051528768. Comte William Longsword of
Normandy. [At his birth, William ordered his infant
son be sent immediately to ‘Baiocas ... episcopo Henrico’ for baptism as
‘Richardum.’]
6/19/936, King Louis IV ‘d’Outremen’ succeeded Rudolf
as King of the West Franks.
12/17/942, Richard’s father killed.
Aft. 942, King Louis IV marched on Rouen and captured Richard, who was
taken to Laon.
942-43, Richard was freed by ‘Osmundus ... consilio cum Yvone patre
Willelmi de Belismo’ and taken to ‘Silvanectis’ where ‘Bernardus ... comes’
protected ‘nepotem suum Richardum.’
942-43, ‘Osmundus’, in support of Richard, defeated the army of Otto I,
King of Germany, after an attempt to capture Rouen in revenge for the escape of
Count Richard.
944, Hugues, Duc des Francs, supported [temporarily] King Louis’ attack
on Normandy.
945, Hugues, Duc des Francs, captured King Louis IV and helped Richard
regain Rouen.
~948, Emma born in Normandy.
By 954, King Louis granted the land of the Normans to Richard [‘filio
ipsius Willelmi, nato de concubina Brittana’]; becoming Richard I ‘Sans
Peur’ Comte de Normandie.
9/12/954, King Lothair succeeded King Louis IV as King of the West
Franks.
~955,
Gunnora born in Normandy.
956, Richard
betrothed to Emma, d/o Hugues, Duc des Francs [sister of future King Hugh
Capet]. As part of the arrangement, Hugues Duc des Francs nominated comte
Richard as guardian of his son Hugues.
6/16/956,
Hugues, Duc des Francs died; succeeded by his son Hugh Capet [future king],
still a minor.
[–––Richard
& Emma–––]
960 at
Rouen, Richard married 1st to Emma.
960-61,
Count Richard I accepted in Normandy a party of monks from Ghent which were
given the site of Fontanelle where they began a house in honor of
Saint-Wandrille.
961, Count
Richard and King Lothair at war. King Lothaire captured Evreux.
962, On the
river Deppe, Comte Richard, allied with his Viking relatives, defeated the
forces of Thibaut II of Blois, who was allied with King Lothair.
By 965,
Comte Richard suppressed the rebellion of Rodulf ‘Torta’, who was banished and
fled to Paris.
965, Richard
and the Vikings re-captured Evreux.
965, Richard
‘the fearless’ made a pact with King Lothair at Gisors; ending 4 years of war
in the province.
966, Richard
began using the title ‘marchio Normannorum’ [Marquis des Normandy] in the
charter by which King Lothair re-established the community of Mont St-Michel.
(S) The Normans, Crouch, 2006, P19.
968, Richard
I recognized Duke Hugh Capet [his brother-in-law] as his overlord.
968, Duke
Hugh and Count Richard restored the lands of the abbey of St-Denis. (S) The
Normans, Crouch, 2006, P20.
968, Emma
died without surviving children; her effects given to the poor and the
monasteries.
[–––Richard & Gunnora–––]
~973,
Richard married 2nd Gunnora [his mistress, d/o a forester] with the
approval of his barons.
973, The
Cathedral of Chartres burned during hostilities between Duke Richard and
Thibaut II of Blois. (S) French Cathedrals, Winkles, 1837, P66.
~976,
Richard I began the church of Benedictines at Saint Ouen [destroyed by fire in
1136]. (S) Arch. Tour in Normandy, Knight, 1836, P26.
977,
Richard’s nemesis, Thibaut II of Blois died.
978, Richard
I helped reconcile Arnulf II of Flanders with King Lothair. (S) Friends, Family
and Allies, Tanner, 2004, P41.
~979,
Richard I installed a community of clergy at Fecamp [a 7th century
monastery that had been used as a prison. Richard had recruited Mayeul of
Cluny, who declined saying the Normans were ‘barbaric and savage men, who
destroy rather than build holy temples.’]
980, King
Lothair, without Duke Hugh’s input, made a peace agreement with King Otto II of
Germany. Duke Hugh called all his vassals together, including Count Richard, to
address the terms of the agreement.
12/7/983, Otto II King of Germany died; leaving a
3-year old as his successor. King Lothair attacked Lotharingia; but Duke Hugh
and Count Robert refused to participate.
6/8/986, Louis V ‘the Lazy’ succeeded King Lothair of the West Franks.
987, Dudo of St.-Quentin, a monk from Vermandois, and a visitor to
Richard’s court, described him as an old man, tall, thick eyebrows and a long
white beard. (S) The Normans, Crouch, 2006, P22.
7/3/987, Hugh [Capet] succeeded Louis V [Carolingian] as King of the
West Franks.
988, Dudo of
St.-Quentin sent by Albert, the count of Vermandois, to Richard I of Normandy requesting that he intercede on
Albert’s behalf with King Hugh Capet. (S) Religion , Text and Society, Burman,
2002, P303.
990, Richard
I self-styled himself as ‘count and consul’ in a charter to Fecamp.
3/1/991,
Richard agreed to a non-aggression pact with Æthelred II King of England to
prevent either side from sheltering Viking marauders. (S) Swein Forkbeard’s
Invasions, Howard, 2003, P55. [991, Pope John XV wrote about this reconcilation
in a letter.]
Aft. 6/991,
Fulk Nerra, with King Hugh of France, Bouchard of Vendome, and Richard, count
of Normandy, in capturing Melun and Chateaudun [where the defeated were treated
severely].
992, Duke
Richard allied with Conan I of Rennes (3025764386).
994, Duke
Richard commissioned Dudo of St.-Quentin to write a history of the rulers of
Normandy. (S) Medieval Scandinavia, Pulsiano, 1993, P144. [Richard’s
illegitimate son Rodulf – ‘Raoul d’Ivry’, is named as ‘the relator of this
work.’]
11/20/996,
Richard became sick and died at Bayeux; buried at Fecamp.
[–––Gunnora–––]
1024-6,
‘Duke Richard [II]’ donated property to the abbey of Mont Saint-Michel,
subscribed by ‘Gonnor matris comitis.’
(S)
Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. (S) Fulk Nerra, Bachrach, 1993. (S)
Architectural Antiquities of Normandy, Cotman, 1822. (S) Dukes of Normandy,
Duncan, 1839. (S) Companion to the Anglo-Norman World, Harper-Bill, 2007. (S)
Imaging the Sacred Past, Herrick, 2007.
Children
of Richard and Emma:
i. Emma of Normandy, born ~985 in Normandy.
1002, Emma married King Aethelred II of England (3025764408). [See King
Aethelred for her life details.]
Children
of Richard and Mistress Gunnora:
iii. Richard II of Normandy (1512882192), born ~975
in Normandy.
iv. Maud of Normandy, born ? in Normandy.
1003-4,
Maud married to Eudes II, count of Blois, gs/o Thibaut II of Blois [no
children.]
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