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Saturday, August 8, 2020

Count Fulk IV of Anjou & Queen Bertrade de Montfort & King Philip I Capet & Queen Bertha of Holland & Countess Hildegarde de Beaugency

378220544. Count Fulk IV of Anjou & 378220545. Queen Bertrade de Montfort & 756441480. King Philip I Capet & 756441481. Queen Bertha of Holland & 12793443623. Countess Hildegarde de Beaugency

1043, Fulk le Reichin ‘the Quarreler’ born in Anjou, s/o 756441088. Count Geoffrey of Gatinais & 756441089. Ermengarde of Anjou.

3/1/1046, On the death of their father, Fulk’s older brother Geoffrey [born 1039] became lord of Gatinas.

~1048, Hildegarde born in France, d/o 25586887246. Lancelin Ier de Beaugency & 756441093. Paula du Maine. (S) Atlas Universel d'Histoire et de Géographie, Bouillet, 1872, P420.

5/23/1052, Philip born in France, s/o 1272928372. King Henry I of France & 1272928373. Anne of Kiev.

1053-58, Geoffrey of Gatinais captured Rouraine and Vendome from Theobald I of Blois.

1055, ‘Gaufredus comitatus Andecavensis naturalis heres’ [Fulk’s mathernal uncle] made donations to Marmoutier in which he names ‘nepotibus meis … Gaufredo et altero Fulcone.’

~1055, Bertha born in Holland, d/o 1512882962. Count Floris I of Holland & 756441641. Gertrude of Saxony.

1058,  Henry, king of France, protects the abbey of Saint-Maur- des-Fossés from his own cooks' pressure tactics when acquiring the abbey’s cattle for the royal table. Subscribed by Queen Anne, and sons Philip and Robert. (S) When Ego Was Imago, Bedow-Rezak, 2010, P-XII.

5/23/1059, Philip I, age 7, crowned King of France. [Rex designatus.]

8/4/1060, Philip succeeded his father as King of France. [His mother remained Regent in his minority. In a charter Philip states “I assume royal power cojointly with my mother.”]

1060, King Philip confirmed an act of his father permitting the donation of properties to the monastery of St Peter of Chartres. (S) Religion and the Conduct of War, Bachrach, 2003, P65.

1060, Fulk was sent by his maternal uncle, Count Geoffrey Martel of Anjou, to put down a revolt in Saintonge headed by Petrus Didonensis.

11/14/1060, Fulk knighted by his uncle Count Geoffrey.

1060-61, Count Geoffrey Martel of Anjou [the Hammer] died leaving Fulk le Reichin [“the Snarler”] the Saintogne region. [Fulk’s older brother, Geoffrey the Bearded, got the heartlands of Anjou.]

1060-61, On the death of Geoffrey Martel, Saintes was attacked by William VII, duke of Aquitaine.

3/21/1061, Brothers Geoffrey and Fulk at the head of their forces met William VII’s large force on the plain at Chef-Boutonne, a castle on a rocky height above the river Boutonne on the border between Poitou and Saintonge. The brothers were victorious in the battle.

6/28/1061, Bertha’s father killed in Gelderland.

1061 King Philip granted certain privileges to Master Chandlers and Oilmen. (S) Manners, Customs, and Dress; Jacob, 1876, P270.

1062, The Duke of Aquitaine besieged and captured Saintes. Geoffrey did not come to the aid of his brother Fulk.

1062, Geoffroi le Barbu [Fulk’s older brother] … Juliette femme de Geoffroi, et Foulque [Fulk] frère de Geoffroi subscribed the charter which records the donation by ‘Robert de Sablé et sa femme Avoie’ to Marmoutier.

1063, Geoffrey and Fulk involved in a law suit. (S) Haskins Society, Patterson, 1991, P103.

By 1063, Fulk and Geoffrey were at war. Fulk was supported by the counts of Brittany and Poitou.

1063, Bertha’s mother married Robert the Frisian.

1065, Duke Conan of Brittany sought an alliance with Blois against Anjou.

1065, Baldwin, count of Boulogne, attested a charter of King Philip. (S) Battle Conference, 1991, P270.

3/20/1066, Haley’s comet appeard in the sky at its closest point to earth, and was interpreted as an evil omen.

5/1066, Philip, age 14, became acting King of France.

10/25/1066, in London at Westminster, William the Conqueror, duke of Normandy, crowned King of England.

2/25/1067, Fulk captured Saumur [after the 12/1066 death of the Duke Conan of Brittany]. (S) Haskins Society, Patterson, 1991, P107.

4/1067, Fulk captured his older brother Count Geoffrey of Anjou at Angers.

1067, Fulk became count of Anjou. Under pressure from Pope Alexander II and King Philip, Fulk released Geoffrey.

1067, A document of Count Fulk Richin of Anjou refers to ‘my servants’ and ‘my bailiffs’. (S) Crisis of the 12th Century, Bisson, 2009, P78.

1068 at Brissac, Fulk captured his brother Geoffrey again and imprisoned him at Chinon, solidifying the position of Count of Anjou by giving King Philip Gatinais and Chateau-Landon. Fulk bought off Stephen of Blois by giving homage for Touraine. [A papal legate declared Geoffrey insane and absolved Fulk from fault.]

[–––Fulk & Hildegarde––]

1068, Fulk married Hildegard de Baugency. (S) Les Origines de l'ancienne France: Xe et XIe siècles, Flach, 1904, P412.

~1068, Bertrade born in Anjou, France, d/o 319834122. Simon de Montfort & 756441090. Agnes of Everux. [Bertrade educated in Everux.]

1069, Fulk ceded Château-Landon and Gâtinais to Philippe I King of France in 1069 in return for the king's recognition of his accession as count. (S) FMG.

1069, at Orleans, King Philip, at the request of Fulk of Anjou, freed a serf belonging to Fulk. (S) Loss of Normandy, Powicke, 1999, P14.

1069-70, Hildegarde died.

 [–––Fulk & Ermengard–––]

1070, Fulk married Ermengard, d/o Archambaud, sire of Bourbon.

7/16/1170, King Philip involved in the succession of Baldwin VI, count of Flanders, at the request of his wife Richildis. (S) William the Conqueror, Douglas, 1999.

2/22/1071, Philip invaded Flanders in support of his cousin Arnulf. Philip supported by William fitz Osbern, earl of Hereford in England, at the battle of Cassel, in which the earl died. Arunlf, count of Flanders, who Philip was supporting also died. Philip’s forces were opposed by Flemings led by Robert the Frisian, uncle of Arnulf. Philip continued to process the war and eventually captured Robert the Frisian, who was released on giving homage to Philip.

1071, Favouring the church of Laon, King Philip  asserted that the office of the power (imperium) he exercises must not be permitted to lag behind its dignity. (S) Crisis of the 12th Century, Bisson, 2009, P160.

1072, The citizens of Le Mans rebelled against Geoffrey of Mayenne. Count Fulk of Anjou entered Maine and expelled Geoffrey.

 [–––Philip & Bertha–––]

1072, As part of the peace agreement between King Philip and Robert the Frisian, Robert married his stepdaughter Bertha to the king. (S) Medieval France, Kibler, 2013, P221.

1072, The citizens of Le Mans rebelled against Geoffrey of Mayenne. Fulk entered Maine and expelled Geoffrey.

1073, King Philip invaded Normandy.

3/1073, Under attack by William, King of England and Duke of Normandy, Fulk retreated from Maine.

1073, King William returned to England. Fulk then attacked La Fleche, a castle on the right bank of the Loir. King William, at the request of John of Le Fleche sent Norman troops to reinforce his garrison. Fulk was flanked by this force and had to retreat to protect his own lands. The two forces met at Blanchlande, but a peace was negotiated. [Later Fulk burned John of La Fleche’s castle.]

4/1074, A Roman synod discussed the association of Ralph, archbishop of Tours, with Count Fulk of Anjou, who was under excommunication. (S) Pope Gregory VII, Cowdrey, 1998, P352.

1074, Philip captured Corbie, a border town between Lesser France and Flanders.

1074, King Philip offered Edgar the Atheling Montreuil-sur-Mer. (S) William the Conqueror, Douglas, 1999.

8/2/1074, The Pope Gregory wrote a letter to King Philip to oblige him to make reparation for the wrong he had done to the church of Beauvais. (S) New History of Ecclesiastical Writers, Vs8-10, Du Pin, 1698, P48.

3/21/1075, Duke Robert of Burgundy, Philip’s uncle, died. Choice of a successor caused internal conflict.

4/1075, Pope Gregory threatened King Philip with excommunication over papal legates in France. (S) Pope Gregory VII, Cowdrey, 1998, P108.

1075, King Philip made an expedition against King William of England in support of Alan, count of Brittany, who was in rebellion against William. (S) Library of Universal History, Clare, 1914, P2135.

[–––Fulk & Arengard–––]

1/21/1076, Fulk, having put away Ermengard, married Arengard of Chatel-Aillon. [This brought Fulk under a sentence of Papal excommunication.]

3/18/1076, Fulk’s mother murdered at the church of Fleury-sur-Ouche, Côte d’Or. (S) FMG.

5/17/1076, ‘Comte Foulque Rechin donated property to Saint-Nicolas d´Angers, for the salvation of ‘sa femme Orengarde’. (S) FMG.

1076, Fulk of Anjou allied himself with Ralph de Gael, earl of Norfolk; Hoel, count of Brittany; and King Philip of France against William, King of England and Duke of Normandy.

1076, King Philip at Poitiers for the dedication of the church of Moutierneuf.

9/1076, King William of England advanced into Brittany from Normandy, besieging the castle at Dol held by Ralph de Gael, earl of Norfolk. King Philip arrived and forced William to give up the siege. [The 1st major defeat of King William.]

1077, Fulk attacked John of La Fleche. King William of England came to their support and Fulk was wounded and withdrew.

1077, King William of England [and Duke of Normandy] and King Philip of France made a peace agreement.

1077, King Philip improved his hold on Corbie by granting privileges to its merchants.

1077 at Orleans, King Philip attended an assembley of 2 dukes, 8 bishops, and 3 archbishops, discussing monastic arrangements.

1078, King William’s son Duke Robert led an insurrection in Normandy of young barons. King Philip gave them the castle of Gerberoi.

1/1079, At a battle in Vexin [Gerberoi], Philip supported King William’s son Robert, who won the battle.

1079, By treaty at Gerberoi, with King William, King Philip acquired Vexin.

1079, at Saint-Corneille, King Philip presided over a transfer of relics. (S) Emperor of the World, Latowsky, 2013, P136.

1080, Count Fulk of Anjou the target of complaints by the Pope to the bishops of Tours and Angers. (S) Hildebradine Essays, P175.

1080, Fulk again attacked La Fleche, assisted by Hoel, duke of Brittany, this time taking the city.

1080, Odo, duke of Burgundy, and the Count of Nevers do personal service with King Philip I against Hugh, lord of le Puiset. (S) Cambridge Medieval History, V3, Bury, 1922, P116.

Bef. 11/5/1080, at Castellum Vallium, King William made a peace agreement by which Fulk became overlord of Maine. (S) Cambridge Medieval History, Vs1-5, Bury. (S) William the Conqueror, Douglas, 1964, P406.

12/27/1080, Letter from Pope Gregory VII to King Philip of France. (S) Pope Gregory VII, Cowdrey, 1998, P622.

1081, Manasses, archbishop of Reims, and ‘legate of the venerable King Philip of France’, charged with simony by Pope Gregory had to flee the imperial court in Germany.

1081, Fulk of Anjou attacked La Fleche, taking the city. King William I of England, also duke of Normandy, made a peace agreement by which Fulk became overlord of Maine.

11/29/1081, The death of Arnold, bishop of Le Mans, brought Fulk into opposition with the Norman candidate Hoel [who was not consecrated until 4/21/1085.]

1/6/1082, Robert, count of Meulan, attested a document of King Philip during his Christmas court. (S) Anselm of Bec, Vaughn, 1987, P90.

9/13/1082, Count Fulk le Rechin of Anjou and Bishop Geoffrey I of Anges make an agreement over legal jurisdiction of prosecutions. (S) Angevin Society, Blincoe, 2008, P456.

1083, King William’s son Robert again rebelled with the support of King Philip of France.

1083, King Philip with the Count Robert of Flanders promoted Lambert to the see of Therouanne. (S) Pope Gregory VII, Cowdrey, 1998, P339.

1084, 3 Angevin serfs were in a dispute with the abbey of Marmoutier over lands they had inherited; but were being disenfranchised. They turned to their lord, Fulk, count of Anjou, ‘believing that they could get through the violentia of their lord the count what they had not been able to get in placitum.’ (S) Transactions – Royal Historical Society, V15, 2006, P39.

1084, A gift by Fulk of Caldri in return for a miracle worked by Saint Katherine’s relics to Holy Trinty of the Mount of Rouen approved by his overlord, King Philip of France. (S) Cult of St. Katherine, Walsh, 2007, P78.

1085, Fulk the Surly had an equistrian type seal. (S) Medieval Knighthood V, 1994, P52.

5/25/1085, Pope Gregory VII died; succeeded by Pope Victor III.

1085-86, Fulk took Bertrade as his mistress.

1086, King Philip, with the support of King William’s son Robert, invaded Evreux, Normandy, while King William was in England.

1086, Abbot Eustache of Saint-Pere of Chartres took advantage of King Philip's presence to secure his confirmation of a local couple's donation, the petition, judged just by the king ‘with our faithful men who were present,’ was approved. (S) Crisis of the 12th Century, Bisson, 2009, P161.

7/1087, King William, extremely overweight and confined to bed at Rouen, was referred to by King Philip at his court: “By my faith, the king of England is long lying-in; there will doubtless be a ceremonious churching.” (S) History of the Norman Conquest, Thierry, 1841, P130.

8/1087, King William led an expedition against Vexin, capturing Chaumont, Pontoise, and Mantes. King William was injured during his burning of the town of Mantes.

9/16/1087, Pope Victor III died; succeeded by Pope Urban II.

9/26/1087, On the death of William the Conqueror, King of England and Duke of Normandy, son Robert became Duke of Normandy; son William II became King of England.]

12/21/1087, Elias la Fleche witnessed a charter of Fulk, count of Anjou.

1089, Fulk was asked by Robert, duke of Normandy, lying ill at Rouen, to help quell a revolt in Manceaux. Fulk agreed to help if Robert would procure the marriage of Bertrade.

1089, Philip granted a prebend to the Church of St. Quentin de Beauvais ‘pro remedio animae patris met and matris meae.’ (S) Kievan Russia, Vernadsky, 1973, P343.

[–––Fulk & Bertrade–––]

1089-90, Fulk married Bertrade [at the time a ward of William of Evreux.] Fulk and Bertrade were within forbidden degrees; and the marriage was without the dispensation of the Pope. (S) History of the Popes, Bower, 1761, P364.

4/1090, A Charter in Marchegay names Fulk and his wife Bertrade.

1090, A document of Count Fulk Richin of Anjou refers to ‘my servants’ and ‘my bailiffs’. (S) Crisis of the 12th Century, Bisson, 2009, P78.

1090, King Philip, in support of Duke Robert of Normandy against the duke’s brother, King William Rufus of England, laid siege to and captured the castle of La Ferte in the Pays de Brai.

1091, King Philip and Robert of Normandy attacked Le Mans.

[––Bertha––]

1091, Bertha divorced by Philip. [Philip said Bertha was too fat. Bertha retired to her dower land of Montreuil-sur-Mer, about 20 miles south of Calais.] (S) Medieval France, Kibler, 2013, P221.

1091-2, King Philip betrothed to Emma, d/o the Count of Sicily. When she arrived, Philip had changed his mind and sent her home.

[–––Philip & Bertrade–––]

5/15/1092, Bertrade abducted [apparently at her request] by King Philip I of France. (S) Making of Romantic Love, Reddy, 2012, P74. [Philip, on a trip to visit her husband Fulk, met her at the church of St. Martin, Tours, and had her escourted under guard to Orleans.]

1092, King Philip laid siege to Aumale, but withdrew by agreement with King William Rufus of England.

1093, Bertha died at Montreuil-sur-Mer.

[–––Philip–––]

1093, Bertrade had her 1st son by King Philip.

Bef. 7/2/1093, Fulk Rechin confirmed grants to St. Nicholas of land which he had tilled with his own cattle.

1093, Bertha died.

10/17/1093, Elias la Fleche witnessed a charter of Fulk, count of Anjou. Fulk made a grant to the canons of Saint-Maurice of Angers for concession that the trades in money and spices be confined to the cathedral’s precincts. (S) Crisis of the 12th Century, Bisson, 2009, P132.

1094, Fulk’s excommunication was removed.

10/16/1094, Philip was excommunicated by a papal representative for adultery with Bertrade. [At Reims, 2 archbishops and 8 bishops approved the marriage.]

1095, Fulk’s brother Geoffrey died; having been released from prison in ill health.

1095, An ecclesiastical council meeting at Clermont decided against King Philip on issues of Discipline. (S) Monarchy of France, Tooke, 1855, P177.

2/11/1096, Count Hugh de France and his brother King Philip I began planning the 1st crusade after Hugh saw an eclipse of the moon.

3/1096 at Angers, To console Fulk over the abduction of Bertrade by King Philip, Pope Urban II conferred on Fulk the right of electing the bishop of Angers. The Pope was there for the consecration of the abbey church of S. Nicolas, now completed. [The pope also presented Fulk with a golden flower – possibly the source of the “Plantagenet” name.]

[–––Philip & Bertrade–––]

1096, King Philip married Bertrade in Orleans; an act opposed by Pope Urban II [and his successor Pope Pascal II].

7/1096, The excommunication of King Philip removed on a promise to repudiate Bertrade. [Which Philip promised many times, but did not fulful.]

1096, Robert, duke of Normandy, left on crusade.

1096-97, Fulk wrote a history of Anjou and its rulers including himself.

1097, Rainald III of Chateau-Gontier sought and received permission from Count Fulk of Anjou to go on crusade. (S) The First Crusaders, Smith, 1998, P88.

1097, The Pope placed the country of France under a papal interdict. [Multiple interdicts would be issued over a 12-year period; and multiple times Philip would vow to reject Bertrade, but never did.]

1097, King Philip received absolution on promising to repudiate Bertrade. (S) History of Paris, V1, 1832, P-XXIX.

1098, Count Fulk le Rechin of Anjou attended the Pope at Tours. (S) Angevin Society, Blincoe, 2008, P34.

1098, Fulk arranged for his son Geoffrey to marry Erembourg of Maine, d/o Helias le Fleche. [Who would later support Geoffrey against his father.]

7/29/1099, Pope Urban II died; succeeded by Pope Paschal II.

1100, Back from crusading, Odo Arpin pledged his county of Bourges to King Philip by ‘vifgage’, and returned to the crusades.

1100, An ecclesiastical council meeting at Poitier decided against King Philip, who had taken back Bertrade. (S) Monarchy of France, Tooke, 1855, P177.

1100, King Philip began to share the throne with his son Prince Louis.

Bef. 8/1100, Count Fulk le Rechin grants in charity to Sainte-Foy that its hamlet would be free and absolved from all servitia and exactiones. (S) Angevin Society, Blincoe, 2008, P499.

8/2/1100, King William II died; Helias of Maine ‘sent for his lord, Fulk, count of Anjou’; with whom he began the siege of the citadel at Le Mans.

8/5/1100, Henry I crowned King of England; succeeding William II.

8/1100, Elias (378220546), s/o John le Flech, with the help of his suzerain lord, Fulk, count of Anjou, re-captured by siege Le Mans and sent the Norman garrison home in peace. (S) Ordericus Vitalis: V3, 1854, P273. [This covers in detail the taking of the city over several pages.]

12/25/1100, King Henry I of England, hosting Prince Louis VI at his Christmas court, received a letter with the seal of King Philip [sent by Queen Bertrade] asking that he secretly have Philip’s successor murdered. [Bertrade wanted her son to succeed.] Henry sent Louis back to Paris where he demanded vengeance. Louis was subsequently poisoned by someone in Bertrade’s service [but survived.]

1101, Philip acquired the vicomte of Bourges and the castellany of Dun-le-Roi in the south from Eudes Harpin de Dun.

1102, Bertrade worked to get Fulk’s eldest son Geoffrey renounced in favor of her son Fulk. (S) Chronological Talbes, V1, 1857, P201.

10/16/1102, King Philip granted privileges to St. Ambrose. (S) Crusaders and Crusading, Constable, 2008, P217.

1102, King Philip tried to take Montlhery, but failed.

1103, Fulk renounced his eldest son in favor of his son Fulk. In a conflict against his son Geoffrey, backed by Helias Le Fleche, Fulk ended up abdicating to his son, now Geoffrey IV of Anjou.

1103, King Philip began offering support to Anselm of Canterbury, who was in conflict with King Henry of England. (S) The Normans, Crouch, 2006, P183.

1104, King Philip walked barefoot in winter to the council of bishops in Paris to request absolution of his marriage to Bertrade.

7/30/1104, King Philip promised to repudiate Bertrade at the council of Beaugenci.

12/7/1104, Fulk V [Fulk the younger] assented to a quitclaim made in favour of the abbey of St-Aubin by Geoffrey, his older half brother and co-ruler of Anjou with Fulk, their father.

12/1104, A council in Paris reconciled King Philip with the church [again repudiating Bertrade.] (S) Investiture Controversy, Blumenthal, 1991, P166.

1/19/1105, Fulk and his son Fulk confirmed the previous concession of Geoffrey by placing a knife on the alter of the church. (S) Anglo-Norman Studies, 2009, P28.

4/1105, King Henry of England landed forces at Barfleur to conquer Normandy. King Henry was joined by the forces of Geoffrey of Anjou and Elias of Maine. (S) England Under the Angevin Kings, V1, Norgate, 1887, P11.

1105, An ecclesiastical council meeting at Paris decided for absolution for King Philip and Bertrade. (S) Monarchy of France, Tooke, 1855, P177.

1105, King Philip forbade the use of “right of spoils” in Chartres: “There is an evil custom of seizing the house of a dead bishop …”. (S) Raiding Saint Peter, Rollo-Koster, 2008, P9.

4/1106, King Philip attended the wedding of his daughter Constance at Chartres, hosted by Adela of Normandy.

5/1106, Fulk’s son Count Geoffrey II Martel died; his brother Fulk V now the heir. [Geoffrey was killed by a crossbow wound at the siege of Cande.]

1106, Fulk of Anjou took Amboise by siege from its lord, Sulpice. (S) Routledge Companion to Medieval Warfare, Bradbury, 2004, P38.

1106, King Philip reached an agreement with King Henry of England to not oppose his attempted conquest of Normandy.

9/23/1106, King Henry of England captured his brother Duke Robert of Normandy at the battle of Tinchebrai and imprisoned him [for the rest of his life].

1106, at Nimes, King Philip and his son Prince Louis met Pope Pope Pascal II where the Pope asked for support for his German policy.

9/28/1106, King Henry I of England captured his brother Robert Curthose at the battle of Tinchebray, Normandy; again uniting England and Normandy.

10/6/1106, Fulk hosted his previous wife Bertrade and her husband King Philip at Angers. [King Philip acknowledged that Fulk and Bertrade’s son would hold the county from the King.] (S) Making of Romantic Love, Reddy, 2012, P75.

10/11/1106, King Philip confirmed a notice of Fulk Rechin of grants to St. Nicholas. Witnesses included Queen Bertrada. (S) A Bishop and His World, Fanning, 1988, P143.

1107, Fulk of Anjou supported Duke Robert’s son William Clito as successor to Normandy [now claimed by King Henry.]

1107, Prince Louis’ marriage to Lucienne de Rochefort annulled by the Pope at the request of King Philip.

1107 at Troyes, King Philip and Pope Paschal came to agreement over investiture; King Philip to receive an oath of loyalty and keep control of temporal possessions.

1108, Adela, sister of William the Conqueror, and her son Theobald traveled to Paris to seek support of King Philip against Hugh le Puiset who had invaded. [Hugh was defeated by their joint forces.]

7/29/1108, Philip “the Amorous” died, suffering from a toothache; buried at Fleury.

[–––Bertrade–––]

8/3/1108, Louis VI crowned King of France.

1108, King Louis invested Fulk V of Anjou, a minor at his court, as heir to his own father of Anjou and designated William, duke of Poitiers to conduct Fulk to his father. William, once in his own lands, imprisoned Fulk V.

1108-09, Bertrade, step-mother of King Louis, worked from court to obtain her son Fulk’s release.

1108-09, Bertrade became a nun at Fontrevault.

4/14/1109, Fulk of Anjou died. (S) Anglo-Norman Studies 32, Lewis, 2009, P29.

[–––Bertrade–––]

Bef. 1112, Bertrade gave part of her dowry to found a new Fontevrist nunnery. [Likely at the instance of B. Robert of Arbrissel.]

1112, By agreement of King Louis, and Amaury and Simon de Montfort, a site for the new nunnery was selected 35 km southwest of Paris. (S) Women’s Monasticism, Venarde, 1999, P75.

1113, Bertrade retired to the new convent of Hautes-Bruyeres [between Chartres and Paris].

1115, Bertrade took the veil at the convent of Hautebruyere.

1117, Bertrade died; buried at the convent of Hautebruyere.

(S) Memoires of the Queens of France, V1, Bush, 1843. (S) The Capetians, Bradbury, 2007, P116. (S) Conqueror’s Son, Lack, 2007. (S) Anglo-Norman Studies 32, Lewis, 2009, P29. (S) England Under the Angevin Kings, 1887. (S) Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy, Vitalis, 1854.

Family notes:

Fulk, according to Orderic Vitalis, started a shoe fashion of having long points because he had deformed feet.

Fulk was the earliest lay-historian of the Middle Ages, specifically of Anjou, leaving a chronicle in his own handwriting.

Child of Fulk and Hildegarde:

i. Ermengarde d'Anjou (639672181), born 1069 in Anjou, France.

Child of Fulk and Ermengard:

i. Geoffrey II of Martel, born by 1075 in Anjou, France.

1093, Geoffrey disinherited by his father; won a conflict with the support of Elias le Fleche and ruled for 3 years.

1098, Geoffrey betrothed to Erembourg of Maine.

5/1106, Geoffrey died in battle at the siege of Cande on the Loire; buried at S. Nicolas at Angers, his brother Fulk his heir. [Erembourg of Maine remarried to Geoffrey’s brother Fulk.]

ii. Ermengard, born by 1075 in Anjou, France.

1087, Ermengarde married 189110276. Duke Guillaume IX, the Troubador.

1091, Ermengarde’s marriage disolved.

1093, Ermengarde married 2nd Alan, duke of Brittany.

1096-1101, Ermengarde regent of Brittany while Alan was on crusade.

1112, Alan abdicated to his son and he and Ermengarde separated.

10/1119, Ermengarde attended the Council of Reims held by Pope Calixtus II.

Child of Philip and Bertha:

i. Louis VI Capet (378220740), born 12/1/1081 in France.

Child of Fulk and Bertrade:

i. Fulk V of Anjou (189110272), born 1090 in Anjou, France.

Children of Philip and Bertrade:

i. Philip Capet, born aft. 1092 in France.

Philip of Mantes married Elizabeth, heiress & d/o Guy Troussel of Montlhery.

ii. Florus Capet, born aft. 1093 in France.

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